Greenspan - The Case For The Defence In-Depth Review Essays

Greenspan - The Case For The Defence In-Depth Review My fascination with the Judicial System Structure of today's society was furthered and strengthened after reading and analyzing the works of Edward Greenspan. This superbly written biography recollecting past cases and important events in Greenspan's life allowed myself, the reader, to learn more about Jurisprudence and the Criminal Code. The entire casebook revolves around several main themes including the balance of Positive & Natural influences in the courtroom, whether a lawyer's consience intervenes with his duty as a counsellor, and the alarming rate of perjury occuring in front of the juries. To be more concise and clear to the point, Greenspan's book is a diary of controversial and beneficial issues which have hovered around our criminal courts and will continue to plague and pester them for years to come. By observing and understanding certain issues presented in his book, I was able to comprehend what type of person Greenspan is, what he believes in, what he represents and what he would do for his profession. The wheels of Jurisprudence are always turning, and I came to realise how Greenspan worked and bargained for his status in the country to be solidified. This book also flourished with innovative situations pertaining to the most diversified of criminal charges, to the most uncanny regions of law ever dealt. It was this thorough look at Greenspan's life which impressed this reviewer the most. It was quite clear that after the fourth page, I came upon the conclusion that this casebook would create a most influential reaction to anyone who had displayed any interest towards our Law system in general. Part One of the novel, No Little Clients, presents the reader with the author's proposed thesis. His ambition is to defend innocent people accused of crimes. Whether they are innocent or guilty without being proven guilty is irrelevant to Mr. Greenspan. A lawyer's consience must not be his deciding factor when advising or counselling a client. This view point is elaborated in Part Two (Not Above The Fray) and explained frivolously by Greenspan himself. Throughout the entire novel, the theme bends and curves itself around different and unavoidable situations, but retains its original meaning that no one is guilty until proven so. Greenspan refers to this phrase countless times and explains to the reader that he will not allow his moral beliefs to conlfict with the path of justice (delicately and persuasively explained by both Greenspand and the co-author, George Jonas in Parts Four, Five and Six of the novel). Chapter 13, Playing God, emphatically displays Greenspan's concern with the treatment of his clients and the decision to push the client until he can make a decision that is in favour with the lawyer himself. The significance of this chapter is that the reader detects the amount of responsibility and endurance is required in order to become a successful pawn of the judicial system. At this point, Greenspan's thesis huddles itself around the principle of being a "Pawn of the System" and only serving the system without prejudice and socialistic conflicts. The authors begin their novel with several different themes which branch out and eventually combine. Walking The High Wire is an excellent chapter which focuses on the effects of intended falsehoods employed by the prosecution. When Greenspan takes on a case where the courtroom is changed into a stage for the benefit of a woman who allegedly is raped by his client, it is later realised that through careful investigation and newly disc overed evidence, can the truth be used to assist the defendant in being acquitted. In the chapter And Nothing But The Truth, the author presents a situation where even those who enforce the law may lie to obtain a conviction of an innocent person. When two police officers re-create a false scene for the jury, the reader begins to understand why the author ponders upon different moral questions and creates circumstantial, yet fruitful answers. Like a detective fiction novel, Greenspan proves without a doubt that there is more than meets the eye in accepting and defending a client. As witnessed in the chapter Hi Mom, Guess Who's In Jail, the reader learns about how the media and

A Raisin in the Sun essays

A Raisin in the Sun essays In A Raisin In The Sun an interesting story of a familys ups and downs unfolds in a small apartment. This book by Lorraine Hansberry illustrates how a familys dreams can dry up just like a raisin in the sun. The family, the Youngers are a family of five living in a two-bedroom apartment. Their main conflict is that Lena is receiving a 10,000-dollar check from the insurance company for the death of her husband and they each have plans for the money. Berneatha, Lenas daughter, wants to go to medical school. Walter, Lenas son, wants to open a liquor store. Ruth, Walterss wife, and Lena want to buy a house. Through this story you will uncover a world of differences in one familys struggle to stay together. Scene One: In the beginning of this scene we are introduced to Ruth and Walter. Ruth is tired which has inadvertently caused her to be grumpy. Her attitude toward everything is negative. Walter on the other hand is in a good mood. Then Travis their son comes in asking for 50 cents. Ruth tells him they dont have enough. Walter gives him two fifty-cent pieces. This of course causes an argument between the two of them. This is when Berneatha enters. Berneatha is Walters sister. She is very sarcastic and argumentative. With this personality of course right away she and Walter get in an argument. He doesnt think that she should be a doctor. She says that picking on her is not going to make Mama (Lena) give it to Walter to invest in any liquor stores. After Walter leaves for work Mama enters. While Berneatha is in the bathroom Mama tells Ruth that she doesnt want to give Walter the money because she doesnt want to have any part in getting people drunk. She does however propose that some o f the money must go to Berneathas schooling. Scene Two: In this scene we see a drastic difference in the familys attitude. Everyone is having a ...

Critique A Piece of String Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Critique A Piece of String - Essay Example Hauchecome became worried and reached the mayor’s office. Through mayor, he came to know that he had been accused of stealing of wallet, which contained 500 francs and some important documents. Hauchecome tried to prove his innocence but the facts and proofs went against him. Malandain was the person who told mayor that he had seen Hauchecome picking up a wallet from the ground. Watching the situation getting tense, Hauchecome walked back to the outskirts of the town to find the wallet. In the meantime, someone else found the wallet and returned it to the mayor. Hauchecome became happy with the news and came back to his town. However, people did not welcome him. They still considered him accused of theft. It was a very upsetting situation for him because he had lost his respect in his town. The story ended with the death of Hauchecome. The concept revealed through story is that a person cannot clear himself in front of the society once he becomes accused of doing something

Policy memo Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Policy memo - Assignment Example tain Conversation Area Act is bill which seeks to create conversation to the mountain national conservation Area surrounding Lake Mendocino, Yolo Counties and Solano in the area of California. Core visitations of this act are target of scenic, ecological, recreation, wildlife, natural, education and scientific resources. This act will seek to create conservation to the jurisdiction by ensuring government and local responsibilities are adhered to. The act is comprehensive to cover issues related to environmental cleanup, public safety, and a comprehensive weed management strategy. The act is significant to ensure it initiate a management plan by issuance of target permits. In this light, the act will focus on the core advantages on a comprehensive environmental management strategy. This act is crucial since it will target protection of encroached areas by ensuring that residents in those particular have proper permits to conduct certain environmental conscious activities. The US congress should pass the bill since it seeks to, boost local economies, and develop methods of working landscape and economic viability of Native American groups residing in those areas. Thirdly, promote and enhance recreation and conservation areas. In all cases, the bill is vital to since it will seek to request public responsibility in conserving the environmental. However, while deciding to pass the bill, the congress should consider the question of impartiality of the process stipulated by the bill. This paper has attempted to establish why the congress should pass the Berryessa Snow Mountains Conversation Area. The paper has cited better environmental advantages as the leading advantages in considering whether to pass the bill. In any case, environmental consciousness should topple over

To what extent do you agree with free market economics being more Essay

To what extent do you agree with free market economics being more effective than a mixed economy - Essay Example The government apart from refraining from regulating the market also does not provide any services and leaves this to the private sector. This kind of market has received both positive argument and negative ones (Hodgson, 2006). Those who do not feel that this kind of market economy can be efficient argue for a mixed market economy which includes the role of the government both as a regulator as well as a player in the production of goods and services. This mixed market is also called Keynesian economics, named after the famous English economist who helped in the rebuilding of the American economy during the great economic recession of the 1930s in the United States of America. The mixed market system features the government as a referee and prefect in the economy, providing for regulation and control as much as is needed. It also features the government as the provider of the most crucial and basic needs and services to the public. This is done to make sure that these are not capita lized. These services include education especially at elementally level, health and security. In a mixed market economy, the private sector is involved in the greater part of the production, but under the watch of the government. There are a number of advantages with regard to the mixed market. To begin with, the fact that the government is involved in the production of essential services is important in order to provide for the protection of those who may not afford to get these services from the capitalist market. The mixed market also regulates the private sector for the purposes of protecting consumers against unfair exploitation. Those who argue in favor of the mixed market argue that the belief by free-markets enthusiasts that the market has its own way of regulating itself through the laws of demand and supply (competition) are fundamentally wrong. This argument against the efficacy and

Examining The Importance Of Computer Technology Information Technology Essay

Examining The Importance Of Computer Technology Information Technology Essay Why is the future of computer technology an important role in the society. Here are few of the reasons why it is an important role to the society. First it is important to the educational field, for the reason that most of what we do is based on computers. Second it is important to the business field; because it can help with the speed accuracy and relevant so that businesses can grow and less expenditure. Third; technically speaking it is important to our economy for the speed the connection around the world and also the communication. Lastly; technology is one of the important roles in our environment. What I mean by that is that technology helps us to maintain our environment by reducing wastes for example; papers, plastic etc. Now those are some of the importance and also the advantages of the technology. Technology also has its disadvantages and here are some. We all know that technology grow everyday and people inventing are just eager to invent the most compatible and reliable gadgets to be used by the end users, which is good but at the same time it has its disadvantages here are some of the disadvantages of the technology. The technology makes kids these days lazy and can place children at risk for harmful effects on their physical, social, and psychological development. Children need physical activity, social interaction, and the love and guidance of caring adults to be healthy, happy, and productive. Nowadays businesses are mostly connected to internet and do business online which is good; however there are people out there scamming people with fake businesses online and hackers to hack into your system and steal information or money. The use of computer also results into unemployment as computer can perform the task that might need nearly six to seven workers. Unemployment is likely to result into crimes. Continuous work with comput er causes loss of eyesight in the long run. Internet, which is widely used to see pornographic scenes, will lead to sex violences and more. To conclude it even though technology has its downside I still think that in the future it will be beneficial to our society and environment. The Future of Computer Technology Computer technology is spreading all over the world. Even though it might have few disadvantages but the advantages are still spectacular and very useful to our society. First up is the education field, in the United States Department of Education researched that children tend to learn more with computers than by reading books or do research using encyclopedias. Computers have ways to crab students attention by the animated graphics, sound and colors. It also allow student to communicate with their friends, families and the world. In addition educational field, computer is one of the must to know basic because everything we do is somehow related to computer and the technology. (Mr.Pandys article published 2010) states that the importance of computers in school will help students prepared and shape up for the future of technologies. He also says in his article that students who have knowledge in computer will have better chances of job opportunities than others that dont have experien ces in computers. Technology in the classroom is not just for the students. Teachers can use the technology to keep student records, plan lessons, communicate with parents that will save them time, or going around with heavy books, chalk, pen, papers etc. so the role of computer technology in the educational field is massive and still eager for more knowledge about the technology world. Majority of businesses today relies on the computer technology in so many ways. Like the convenience of the business, few years ago when you walk in to a office you see a lot of filing cabinet or drawers, fax machines, typewriters and papers all over the place. Todays office relies on a computer that you can send anything anytime store all your data or information on the external hard drive of computers, also you can just type and print using the computer. Computer helps us in many ways and businesses too. Computer technology also helps us in accuracy and time in the business and the offices. For example; the auditor, accountant, and finance there are numerous software for that kind of job that can help with the accuracy of the data and lessen the paper usage that will help our environment. Another importance of the computer and the business is the communication. These days communication is been one of the best thing that has happened in our life. Communication through internet has h elped the business in so many ways like meetings, information, updates, expenditures and more. You can set up a meeting with your staffs via web conference like youre sitting next to them. It also saves you time and money for traveling around the globe just for meetings or letters and also it updates you on whats happening in the world. Like (Scholasticus 2010) says, using computers in todays business has enhanced the performance of employees and the business. According to (Geeta Dhavale 2010) she says that computers are widely used in all the hospitals for numerous purposes apart from administration, accounting, billing, and appointments. It literally helps doctors in performing various surgeries; especially laparoscopic surgeries are possible because of computers where doctors insert the medical tools and small camera and conduct an operation with the help of computers monitors. Even X-rays, CT scan, Ultrasound etc they are all computer based. (Evens) says, that Computers are also important on the medicine field for the analysis part so that it will save time and will help you to find a cure for a specific illness. It also important for the doctors so that they can communicate via internet to see the latest updates on the medical field and also be able to do web conferencing with other doctors around the globe. To conclude it, computer technology has been spectacular for these past few years, by being as huge as a room to the size of a book. The importance of computer technology in our society and environment keeps expanding both needs and wants. Elementary schools, high school, college, universities, businesses are both connected to the use of computer and tend to want more. Information Technology programmers have been working finding a way to create the most compatible technology that the end user will be satisfied with it and yet it will all trace back to computers. See computer technology has its disadvantages but the advantages are far better and useful in our lives, it helps us with the speed time, accuracy and relevant. The speed of sending a message via internet is a matter of minutes and at the same time it saves your time. In the business field and medical field, and the NASA accuracy is their life they cannot afford to make mistakes and that is when the computer comes in handy to help them do the job. To summarize all the information and research are all relevant and useful for the society. Even though computer technology has its disadvantages but still the advantages of computer technology and its future will help our society and will save many life. Resources: Steve Furberhttp://www.Oxfordjournal.org http://www.articlesbase.com Evens Hospital Computer Technician PC world Magazine 2008 Sebastian Andersen 2009 http://www.uaseducation.com LynDel Randash, www.eHowcom.com Greeta Dhavale www.buzzle.com Scholasticus www.buzzle.com Futureforall.org

My Personal Philosophy of Education :: Philosophy of Education

Personal Philosophy of Education I would not be considered your typical college student in search of an education degree. I am a 31 year old male, married, with two children, and working on my second career. My previous life consisted of working in the coal mines till I was injured. My injury, however, is considered a blessing in disguise. My injury has leaded me to the world of education. I have seen first hand the difference an educator can make in the life of a child; the child was my own son. My eldest son, diagnosed with Asperger’s Syndrome, was unable to communicate. He had the opportunity to be enrolled in the early intervention program in Raleigh County. The first individual with the challenge of assisting my child was not able to fulfill her roles and think â€Å"outside of the box† to reach him. My wife and I promptly searched for the appropriate educator for him. My family was blessed when we found â€Å"Ms. Mitzi†. In the matter of weeks our son was able to tell his mommy he loved her. This impacted my life significantly and I wish to be able to pass on what was given to my child and my family. I chose education as my career path because I hope to be able to make a small difference in a child’s life. Time and time again I have seen children being educated poorly and/or not having appropriate role models in their life. I feel that an educator must not only be able to convey to the student the classroom material, but also be a counselor, coach, mentor, and a parent. Failing to fulfill these roles gives a child the chance to slip through the educational system without having the opportunity to influence them to some degree. I can not narrow down my educational philosophy to one area. I have studied the teacher-centered philosophies and I would consider myself somewhat eclectic, having a mixture of progressivism and essentialism. Essentialism is Essentialism refers to the "traditional" or "Back to the Basics" approach to education.

Compare and Contrast Poems by John Donne and Michael Drayton Essay

The poem, To his coy mistress is very much Carpe Diem but the poet Andrew Marvell who wrote it was influenced by both Metaphysical and Classical types of poetry, the way in the beginning of the poem he seems to talk about things in a very slow way, walking, time slowing down to try to woe the women in a much quicker, the poem also shows a lot of Petrachan influences as when Andrew Marvell says ‘Thine eyes, and on thy forehead gaze’ and ‘Thy beauty shall no more be found’. The poem is very much more in use of words that show the women in which the poem is talking about as being a goddess as I said earlier; this seems to play a large part in the poem. poem which is also very Carpe Diem is, to the virgins, to make much of time, this poem uses irregular (starvea) stress’ and unstressed’ words, but does have a regular amount of feet throughout the poem. The poem The Flea is very different to the other two before, it is a metaphysical poem which is much more interesting, it uses a much more dialectic view of wooing a women. It uses the fact that as a flea has bitten both the poet and the women of whom he is in love with, that it means that there are three lives all together in one and that him and his love almost ‘more than maryed are’. The structure of the poem uses the end of each paragraph as a conclusion for what it has just been stating. The poem uses imagery as it describes the two lovers together in the Flea with its dark walls of ‘Jet’ referring to the colour jet black as there is no light in the Flea. At the end of the poem it shows that the women is wanting to kill the flea and he is comparing himself to the flea and saying that the flea is innocent because all it has done is take a tiny prick of blood from her and is it really worth the fleas life. The poet is using the idea of persuasion on the women by using the flea as an example. When it comes to the conclusion of the last paragraph it shows the poet’s persuasion again for that by the women killing the flea it has taken a small bit of life away rom her as it bit her and took some of her blood. The poet is much more different to the previous poets also as his persuasion has much more of a point to it, and uses a more intelligent argument against the women. The next poem was Song. To Celia, this is a classical poem which emphasises carpe diem is interesting. The poem is not in a common dialectic structure, it does have a felling that the poem is mainly based on the, fast, quick, instant love at the start of the poem. The poem involves a very large part at the end of an affair scene where Ben Johnson writes ‘Of a few household spies? Or his easier ears beguile,’ this is speaking about the servants of the house in which the women which the man is involved with stays at, that they will only have to trick the servants from seeing them together. The structure of the poem is done using rhyming couplets and a trochaic tetrameter, the poem can be related to, to his Coy Mistress as it is also Carpe Diem. The poem, The Passionate Shepherd to His Love; this poem is a very stereotypical one as it portrays an idealised view of the country, it shows a much pastured view of the countryside. The poem is trochaic and it keeps a steady a,a,b,b pattern. The poet obviously did not have any view of the country and was probably a city person. The poem speaks about him and his love being whisked away into the countryside to live there in peace, with beds of roses for his love. The view of country is very much like a place that would be very hard to find in life; it is a much idealised view. The poem Sonnet is a very strange one; it does not have a set pattern for its rhythm and is very staggered. It involves the poet explaining all the different ways in which he loves the women in speaking. It uses classical influences with the poem having no persuasive felling to it. The poet uses Petrachan factors as the poet says about he loves all the aspects of the women, her breath, loving her freely, and purely.

The Lotus Eaters Essays

The Lotus Eaters Essays The Lotus Eaters Paper The Lotus Eaters Paper Compare the first (Courage! he said, and pointed towards the land) and last line (Oh rest ye, brother mariners, we will not wander more. ) and decide which attitude typified imperial England in 1833. Is the poem forward or backward looking? The first line of the poem Courage! he said, and pointed towards the land, is indeed typical of imperial England and looks forward in many respects. It looks forward as if going into battle. Soldiers of imperial England would have been proud to go into battle. Yet courage can also lead to pride which is a theme running through much of Tennysons work predicting the fall of the British Empire. In contrast the last line of the poem Oh rest ye, brother mariners, we will not wander more, is contradictory to the statement of typical imperial England. In 1833 the British Empire was at its height with new discoveries everyday. Metaphorically though, this last line of the poem represents an end to exploration. This line is saying the growth of England is stunted and will not move forward. However, it could be conceived as forward looking but in a negative light because it could be seen as a prediction of the fall of the British Empire. The whole poem is a metaphor for the British Empire. Throughout there are tired words and phrases such as languid, weary dream and slumberous. These slow words demonstrate a state of paralysis, being stuck and not moving anywhere. This is once again a prediction of the British Empire; completely opposite to the state imperial England was in during 1833. The state of paralysis is key in this poem. It shows that the poem is neither forward or backward looking yet each day progresses forward. Towards the end of The Lotus Eaters the Elysian Valleys are mentioned. This is a heaven for warriors and it is known that each day repeats itself. This is representative of what is happening on the Island for example the dark blue sky, and the dark blue sea. Everything on the Island is the same and each day rolls in to each other and the same things happen. No one works and everyone eats the Lotus plant and everything looks the same. Therefore this poem does not look forwards or backwards but merely states that the same day repeats over and over again in typical England. Although opium is never directly mentioned throughout the poem there are many references made to it. The Lotus plant is a type of drug and could be opium that the soldiers become addicted to. The third stanza of the poem highlights how the soldiers may be hallucinating; a result of being high on the lotus plant or opium. The last line of the first stanza of the Choric Song says And from the craggy ledge the poppy hangs in sleep. The poppy shows that Tennyson is speaking directly to the people that take opium. Opium was common in 1833 and Tennyson may also have been sending out the message that we have to be careful as it can take over our lives and make us forget what really matters. Following on from the point of infatuation; the poem is making a statement about falling victim to temptation. This conflicted with the traditional Victorian stance on moral values, while also providing a view on ones place in the world after growing old. Odysseus men opt to live out the rest of their days on the island of the lotus-eaters early in the poem. Tennyson sets up the rest of the poem to be an explanation of the decision. The explanation consists of several logical points that not only deal with obvious matters but also touch on philosophical meditations on the nature of life as a human. One important and noticeable issue in the poem is that we do not discover the fate of the Greeks. We do not know if Odysseus rescues them or if they ever leave the Island. We must then ask the question why is this? Tennysons poetry projects repressed cultural desires onto a historical but fictional landscape. The Lotus-Eaters is critical of British work habits and imperial duty. Tennyson repeatedly emphasizes that the lotus eaters do no work and bear no responsibility; Why should we only toil, the roof and crown of things? The Lotus-Eaters is a romantic escape from a life of enduring toil that most industrial age Britons knew so well. Tennyson is voicing the opinion of the dissatisfied common Englishmen who wandered in what way they were contributing to the industrial growth and empire. It was easy for a great person such as Odysseus to justify toil but not for a common Englishman or Odysseus Greek soldiers. In the same way it could be said that the people of England were fed up and how much longer could this industrial state continue? In conclusion the first line of the poem does typify imperial England as it represents the courage and dedication of the people to the state. However, the last line of the poem is in no way typical of imperial England stating the end of the era of exploration and new ideas. This did not seem to be where imperial England was heading at the time. Overall the poem neither looks forward or backwards. It is in a state of paralysis and therefore although time progresses nothing changes. The poem does look forward in a negative light though predicting the fall of the British Empire.

Gods Omnipotence Essay Example

Gods Omnipotence Essay Example Gods Omnipotence Essay Gods Omnipotence Essay Some people refer God as the Omnipotent, that is to say a being that has unlimited power, and is able to do everything. God has four different attributes, he is omniscient, simple, eternal and omnipotent. The latter raises some difficulties, and paradoxes. In a first part I will show how omnipotence can be defined differently, how radical omnipotence differs with limited omnipotence and the issue with logic. Then I will show how God’s omnipotence raises some paradoxes and contradictions, by relying on the paradox of the stone and the problem of evil. Finally I will try to answer some questions concerning God’s ability to sin, to bring about the past, and to do things not done by him. Does God’s powers have a limit, could it then be possible that God’s omnipotence isn’t logic ? The concept of omnipotence and God is not that easily understood. Indeed many philosophers have different conceptions of God’s extent of power. Omnipotence is a kind of supremacy, all-powerfulness. Following that definition, the omnipotence of God   is an absolute, and radical one. This is Descartes’ view, according to him God can do the logically possible as well as the logically impossible, he can make a square circle and change the laws of mathematics. Indeed, ‘God can do whatever we are able to understand, but not that He cannot do what we are unable to understand. For it would be presumptuous to think that our imagination extends as far as His power’ (Descartes,   1630). In other words, it is for us Humans impossible to imagine and understand a notion as illogical as a square circle, however God created everything, and that includes logic. : Therefore it is for him perfectly possible and coherent to draw a square circle, or make the number 2 higher than the number 9. However Aquinas claims that ‘this phrase, God can do all things, is rightly understood to mean that God can do all things that are possible’ (Peterson, 2001, p. 124). The definition of omnipotence being God is able to do everything, is now limited to God can do everything that is possible. And by everything that is possible, Aquinas means everything that is logically possible. As a result it is incoherent for God to draw a square circle. However his inability to do so does not prevent God from being omnipotent ‘it does not come within the scope of divine omnipotence’ (ibid, p. 125), indeed this self contradictory phrase represents a ‘non-question’. Richard Swinburne has the same position as Aquinas and argues that ‘ a logically impossible is not an action. It is what is described by a form of words which purport to describe an action, but do not describe anything which it is coherent to suppose could be done’(Swinburne, 1993, p. 153). Therefore it would not be coherent to construct a spherical cube, as it is only two words put together   which does not represent anything. Moreover Swinburne believes that certain actions are logical, such as getting married, but they become logically impossible when they are performed by a certain kind of people, for instance : get married to a bachelor. So the action itself is not considered logically impossible, but it is the combination of the person and the situation, that makes it logically impossible. So being omnipotent is not only being possible to do everything logically possible but is an â€Å"ability to bring about any logically possible state of affairs† (Swinburne, 1993, p. 150). According to this view, God’s omnipotence is a coherent idea. Can God create a stone heavier that he can lift ? Considering that God is omnipotent, he is able to create such a stone, however he is not able to lift it. If he cannot lift it, then he is not omnipotent This act seems illogical and self-contradictory, Mavrodes states that such acts are ‘pseudo-tasks’, ‘the fact that they cannot be performed implies no limits on the power of god’(Mavrodes, 2005, p. 262), but as Aquinas pointed out, the act of lifting this stone requires an illogical power, therefore God cannot lift it as he is able to do everything that is logically coherent. But it does not derive him from being omnipotent. Moreover if God is radically omnipotent, he is not bound by logical laws, therefore the illogical act of creating the stone is possible, consequently the illogical act of lifting it is possible as well. We can also imagine that t1 is the time when God creates the stone, and t2 the time he lifts it. At t1, God’s omnipotence allows him to create the stone, then the stone being created he can lift it at t2. Indeed Mavrodes (2005) argues that ‘nothing in the argument required the theologian to admit any limit on God’s power with regard to the lifting of the stones And if God’s power to lift is infinite, then his power to create may run to infinity also without outstripping the first power’(Mavrodes, 2005, p119). In other words those two actions are successively possible, as God’s power is infinite in both cases. Yet some would argue that in t2 the stone still cannot be lifted by God as he created it being this way. The paradox of the stone shows that there is an incoherence concerning God and omnipotence. There has to be some limits to his power. But where do those limits extend? As well as being omnipotent, God is morally good and benevolent. How could there be evil in the world if God is omnipotent, his power should prevent any existence of evil as he is morally good. Those attributes combined should eliminate evil. Yet, everyday we witness evil. To understand the presence of evil in the world one has to either admit that God is not omnipotent, or that his omnipotence is incoherent ; or admit that he is not benevolent. However it can be argued that for good to exist, evil has to exist and that it would be illogical to think that good could exist on its own. (Mackie, 1955)The claim that ‘evil is necessary as a counterpart to good’ (Mackie, 1955, p. 03) errs, indeed we can again assert that as God made the laws of logic it would be possible for only good to exist in the world. Nevertheless the existence of evil in the world is required to prove what good really is. Without evil, everything, every actions are considered good. But if good is everywhere, it becomes difficult to measure it, and we cannot compare i t with other actions. To be good is to possess and display moral virtue, but how can we do that if evil does not exist ? Good has to be opposed to evil, for it to exist. It then does not distract it with God’s omnipotence. Mackie (1955) reckons that first order evil such as ‘pain and misery’ contrasts with first order good ‘pleasure and happiness’. Moreover a second order good such as ‘sympathy’ can only exist if there is a second order evil ‘suffering’, similarly with ‘heroism in facing danger’ (Mackie, 1955, p. 206). But according to Mackie this claim fails, in fact the second order evil that is ‘cowardice’ or ‘cruelty’ (Mackie, 1955, p. 207) is rising as much as another second order good. And if God were omnipotent and morally good he would try and eliminate those evils. Regarding evil and omnipotence many philosophers have taken the position that human have freewill and are independent of God. And that would explain why there is evil and how god remains omnipotent. Freedom is considered as good for the society and humans. If humans were not free, it would undermine god’s morally good attribute. Thus it is logic for him to create humans who are free. Yet Mackie (1955) argues that if God could create humans who are free to choose between evil and good, he could therefore help them into choosing what is good. However this view can be reconsidered, in fact it would be an illogical action to create free agents and then to force them to always lean towards what is good. Besides Swinburne (1993) insists on how the creation of a world where humans are forced to act a certain way would deprive humans of fulfilling themselves, and benefiting from interactions with each other. According to the thinker a ‘A good God, like a good father, will delegate responsibility. In order to allow creatures to share in creation, he will allow them the choice of hurting and maiming, or frustrating the divine plan. ’(1993, p. 1) Thus human freewill does not detract God from his omnipotence, but it limits it. Indeed, God is benevolent so freedom has to exist in order for humans to experience and learn from their consequences. As Swinburne puts it ‘as parents we regard it as a good thing that our children have power to do free actions of moral significance even if the consequence is that they som etimes do evil actions. ’ (1993, p. 76) The relationship between omnipotence and benevolence clashes once again when we wonder if God is able to sin. Indeed, God is able to do everything, therefore he should be able to sin. But God is morally good, so he cannot sin. Therefore God is not omnipotent. However it is not logically possible for God to sin and to be omnipotent, and according to Aquinas this is a non-question, it does not derive God from his omnipotence. Besides God is a perfect being, he cannot allow anything that would cause and imply any imperfection of his being. We can assert that it is god’s omnipotence that prevents him from sinning ‘to sin is to fall short of a perfect action; hence to be able to sin is the be able to fall short in action, which is repugnant to omnipotence’ (Aquinas, 2001, p. 125). Yet, one can argue that God is able to sin but chooses not to. Indeed how could God be morally good if he does not have the choice to sin ? The fact that he is able to sin but chooses not to makes him benevolent, and does not derive him from his omnipotence. Finally, we can raise two problems concerning god’s omnipotence. Is he able to bring about the past ? Is he able to do things not done by god ? According to Aquinas God can affect actions before they are performed, for instance he can decide for Socrates not to run before he has ran ‘therefore, when he has run, God could effect that he did not run’(Aquinas, 1265-1274). However Aquinas points out that Socrates cannot be sitting, and not sitting at the same moment, consequently it is self contradictory to say that Socrates sat and did not sit. It is highly illogical and it ‘does not fall under the scope of God’s omnipotence anything that implies a contradiction’. (Ibid)   If we consider (1) ‘There is a table which has not been made by an omnipotent being’, can we say that this table has been created by God ? If God could not create this table he is not omnipotent. However God could have possibly created that table, then maybe God is omnipotent. Van der Brink, 1994). Aquinas claims that ‘His will is the cause of all things ; nor is that will naturally and from any necessity determined to those things’ (1265-1274) in other words God is able to do things not done by him considering that he made everything, ‘the determinist might reply that anyone who makes anything determines its ways of acting, and so determines its subsequent behaviour’ (Mackie, 1955, p. 211). This makes it clear that God can do things that non omnipotent beings do. God’s omnipotence is confronted to many contradictions and paradoxes. But does it make it incoherent? I trust that God’s omnipotence is coherent. Indeed I believe that God can create a square circle, a stone heavier that he can lift, and he can do things not done by him, as he created the laws of logic. However when concerning human beings, I believe that God is bound by logical laws but it does not derive him from his omnipotence. Indeed, as Swinburne (1993) stated, it would be impossible for someone to marry a bachelor, it is self contradictory, besides it logically impossible for God to bring about the past. Furthermore, as evil is necessary for the notion of good to exist and God is able to sin but chooses not to, I assume that God can be omnipotent and benevolent. It can be assumed that an omnipotent being is not someone who does everything because he is all powerful, in fact ‘a being may remain omnipotent for ever because he never exercises his power to create stones too heavy to lift forces too strong to resist or universes too wayward to control’ (Swinburne, 1993, p161).

Rally Round the Trade Name Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Rally Round the Trade Name - Assignment Example The main characters, in this case, are Rally and Herman. Rally feels that Herman infringed his business because although his name is Herman he uses Rally as his business name. Rally fails to have solid grounds to sue because Herman established his business name first in this area of jurisdiction and hence he cannot be sued for it (Rally round the trade name, 2010). 1. Explain whether or not the fact that Gabby’s surname is Rally gives her the right to use it any way she wishes. In life, one has a right to use whatsoever name he or she decides as a business name especially when that name is your real name. In the movie, Gabby has a right to use her surname, but in her case the usage of her surname Rally is legal. For this reason, she is under the obligation to make sure that by using her last name she does not stir a conflict with an already existing company that uses the name. If within the same geographical area the company with the same name exists and uses it as its trade name or the name is part of a trading name, then serious consequences are likely to be faced. The law of the land permits the bona fide use of the surname only for the trade name. If an unregistered company is running in the same geographical area and it is using the same trade name, Gabby will still be a victim of an infringement of the trade name. Thus, she must take great care while using her surname as her company trade name. In commerce, it is of less concern or does not make any d ifference whether one is using his or her real name or whatsoever name. The issue will be if one is infringing on a business name of somebody else. Therefore, Gabby must register it first to use her surname as her trademark or trade name (Rally round the trade name, 2010).

African Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

African Music - Essay Example Placing African music in an historical and social context, brings to the fore the compiling of notes on the social context of African music; on African history; on the popularization of African music and on the instruments and styles of African music. The following text has been put together and a bibliography and appropriate reference is supplied at the end of the article. Africa covers about 11,714,000 square miles (30,339,000 square kilometers), more than a fifth of the earth’s total land area. The continent is an enormous plateau, most of which is covered by deserts, forests and grasslands. It is this vast mass of land that held the immense treasure of Africa called music. Music has been culturally part of and developed in Africa for thousands of years. Its wide range of styles evidently showed much of the country’s landscape. In northern Africa, music follows Arab traditions that consist mainly of chants and the use of various northern instruments but as shown but African music has also spread southward and influenced the music of peoples in parts of Chad, Ghana, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal and Sudan.